Shingle covering



Jan. 14,1941. P T R ON 2,228,362

SHINGLE COVERING Filed July 3, 19:59 4 Shets-Sheet 1 Jan. 14, 1941. R. PATTERSON SHINGLE COVERING Filed July 31 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 14, 1941. r R. PATTERSON SHINGLE COVERING Filed July 3, 19 59 4 SheetS -Sheet 3 .IIIII/lllll 4 rlfllllllllrlldllllr 5 IIIIIII /Ia will I!!! rill A WW/ 5 Mm v a k Jan. 14, 1941. R1 PATTERSON 'SHINGLE covgame Filed Jul y s, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ///.5 fr ram/5 6.

Patented Jan. 14,1941

UNITED STATE SHINGLE COVERING Robert Patterson, St. Louis, Mo. Application July 3, 1939, Serial N0. 282,628

20 Claims.

sulated and waterproof shingle covering which can be quickly and easily applied over an uneven base and which will provide for accurate alinement of the shingle courses despite slight dimensional variations in the individual shingles. Another, more specific, object is a. siding or roofin shingle having a comparatively rigid base portion of insulating material and an outer covering of flexible roofing material and wherein the base portion serves to support and reinforce the flexible covering material and to prevent -the exposed part of the latter from curling or raising in the wind. The invention consists in the shingle covering and in the parts and in the combinations and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the corner portion of a building shingle siding embodying my invention applied to one side thereof,

A Fig. 2 is-a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the shingle siding applied to the other side of said comer portion, Figs. 3, 4' and 5 are horizontal sections taken on the lines 3-3, H and 5-5, respectively, in Fig. l,

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6 in Fig. 1, also showing a corner shinglebeing placed in position,

Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken on the line 1-'I in Fig. 3, also showing one of themain shingles being placed in position, v

Fig. 8 is an inside perspective view of one of the left-hand comer shingles,

Fig. 9 is a similarview of one of the right-hand corner shingles, 1

Fig. 10 is an inside perspective view of one of the main shingles,

Fig. 11 is a similar view of one of the starting shingles, f

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. io illustrating a modified form of main shingle, Fig. 13 is a section similar to siding composed of shingles of the kind shown in Fig.12, l Fig. '14 is a fragmentary-side elevation of an 'other modified form of shingle siding applied to- "ene side of a building,

' up of main shingles B,

left and right-hand comer Fig. showing a s PATENT OFFICE} Fig. 15,is a vertical section on the line 15-45 in Fig. 14,

Fig. 16 is a vertical section on the line Iii-16 in Fig. 15,

Fig 1'7 is an outside perspective view of one of the main shingles of the siding shown in Fig.

14, Fig. 18 is shingles for the siding Fig. 19 isa section another modified form of Fig. 20 is a vertical section on the line in Fig. 19,

a similar. view of one of the starting shown in Fig. 14, similar to Fig. 15 showingv shingle siding,

Ill-20 Fig. 21 is an outside perspective view of one of the main shingles of the 19 and 20; and

siding shown in Figs.

Fig. 22 is a perspective viewof one of the starting shingles for the siding shown in Figs. 19 and applied to the two the corner thereof.

respectively:

As shown in Fig.

sides. A of a building Said'shingle covering is made starting shingles C and forming shingles D and E,

10, each of the main shingles B comprises a central, relatively thick and rigid rectangular or oblong block I, preferably of heat insulating material, and a relatively thin and flexible T-shaped covering 2, preferably of ready made or prepared slate surfaced roofing material, adhesively or otherwise secured flatwise to the outer face of said block. The covering 2 has wings 3,. of less height than the supporting block I therefor that project equal distances from they opposite side edges of the lower'portion of said block and terminate in spacing lugs at their upper corners l. The portion of the coverin above the level of the wings 3 is disposed with its side edges substantially flush with the corresponding the upper edges of said standing tongue I along block; and said block is outside corner to form said covering edges of the block and extends above block to form an upthe outer face of said rabbeted along its lower between said block and a downwardly opening groove 6 of a depth equal to or slightly greater than the-height of said upstanding tongue.

between the lower edge drawings, the distance As shown in the of the shingle and the lower edges of the lugs 4 is substantially the same as w n s the upper edgesof the the distance'between 3 and the upper edge of the upstanding tongue 5; and the length of each wing, including the lug 4 thereof, is ap proximately one-half the width of the portion said shingle above the level of the wings. The shingle has one or more holes i extending through the narrow upper portion thereof adapted to receive nails '8 for securing the shingle to the sides A or roof of the building.

Each of the starting shingles C preferably comprises a relatively thick and rigid block 9 of insulating material and an outer covering of roofing material Ill that is adhesively or otherwise secured to said block. The block 9 is of the same width and thickness as the block i of the main shingle B and of a height corresponding to the distance from the lower edge of the main shingle to the lower edge of the lug at the upper corners of the wings thereof. The coverihg I0 is of the same width as the block 9 and extends from the lower edge of said block beyond the upper edge thereof where it forms an upstanding tongue H of the same height as the tongue of the main shingle. The shingle is provided midway of the top and bottom edges of the block 9 with holes So for the nails 9.

As shown in Fig. 8, each of the angle-shaped left-hand corner shingles D has a long and a short side. The long-side of said shingle comprises a relatively thick and rigid block I! of insulating material and an outer covering 13 of roofing material; and the short side comprising a block I 4 of insulating material and a covering I 5 of roofing material. The long side of the shingle is similar in size and shape to the main shingle; that is, the covering I3 extends on opposite sides of the block 12 to form wings 3a, the wing at the free end terminating at its free upper end corner in a spacing lug 4a. The covering extends above the upper edge of the block l2 to form an upstanding tongue 5a and the lower edge of said block is rabbeted to form a downwardly opening groove 6a. The block 12 is provided midway between its upper edge and the level of the upper edges of the wings 3a with holes 1a for the securing nails 9. 0n the corner opposing side of the block 12, the lower portion |2a extends clear to the short side of the shingle with its upper edge spaced below the upper edge of the adjacent wing 30 a distance equal to slightly less than the depth of the bottom groove 6a. On the short side of the corner shingle, the covering l5 also terminates at its free upper corner in a spacing lug 4a, and the block I4 is also rabbeted to form a downward groove 6a in its lower edge. The covering I5 is of the same height as the wings 3a and one-half the length of the covering on the long side, and the upper edge of the block 14 is disposed flush with the upper edge of the extension l2a of the block I2 on the long side of the corner shingle, and is disposed in abutting relation thereto with its outer end terminating substantially-midway of the ends of the short side covering. As shown in Fig. 9, the right-hand corner shingle E is similar in construction .to the left-hand shingle shown in Fig. 8, but the positions of the long and short sides are reversed.

As shown in the drawings, the main, starting and corner shingles forming the bottom or startingcourse of the shingle siding seat in a longitudinal channel provided therefor in a metal straight edge I which is secured by screws or other fasteners I! to the side wall A of the'building and affords proper support for said shingles until they can be secured to the wall by the nails 9. In each shingle course, the main shingles B are arranged with their wings 3 dowr. and with their spacing lugs 4 in abutting relation. In the first or bottom course, lower halves of the spaces between the blocks l of adjacent main shingles are filled by the blocks 9 of the starting shingles and the upper halves of said spaces are filled by the lower halves of the blocks ll of the main shingles in the course immediately above said bottom course. The upstanding tongues ii of the starting shingles extend into the downwardly opening bottom grooves 5 in the main shingles in the second course and cover the horizontal joints between the blocks of said starting and main shingle; and the wide lower portions of the outer covering layers of the main shingles cover vertical joints between the blocks 5 or body layers of said starting and main shingles. In all of the courses, each main shingle is arranged centrally with respect to the abutting end lugs 4 of two adjacent shingles located therebelow, with the upper margins of adjacent wings 3-.of said adjacent main shingles and the upstanding tongue of the main shingle in the course therebelow fitting in the downwardly opening groove 6 in said first mentioned main shingle, and with the space between the blocks of adjacent main shingles in one course filledby the lower half of the main shingle in the course thereabove and by the upper half of the course therebelow.

The left and right-hand corner shingles are alternately arranged in the respective course with block l2 on the long side ofieach corner shingle abutting against the blocks on the short sides of the corner shingles located above and below said first mentioned corner shingle, and with the covering of the corner shingle seated in thegroove 9a of the corner shingle located thereabove and with the tongue is of each corner shingle seated in the groove 8 of an 'adjacent main shingle. The lugs 4d of the corner shingles abut against the lugs I of adjacent main shingles, and the remote vertical edges of the blocks l2 and I4 abut against'the adjacent vertical edges of blocks ofthe main or the starting shingle.

By the arrangement described, the straight edge serves to support the bottom or starting row of shingles in proper position until they are secured in place, after which proper alinem'ent of the remaining courses is assured merely by seating the lower edge of the backing of each shingle on the upper edge of the backing of the shingle therebelow. The abutting blocks of the shingles form a substantially continuous rigid backing for the flexible covering which completely covers the joints between said blocks. The shingles are firmly interlocked, and their blocks or backing portions serve to prevent the exposed lapping portions of the flexible covering from curling or raising in the wind and to hold said portions down on the lapped portions of the outer covering of the shingles in the lower course until they have had an opportunity to seal themselves thereto. The depth of the grooves in the lower edges of the shingles is sumcient to allow for slight variations in the depth of the upstanding tongues at the upper edges of the shingles. The blocks or body layers of the shingles are preferably made of fibrous, solid or laminated material that wil serve as an insulator of heat. As shown in the drawings. the slate surface of the shingles may be colored and arrang i to simulate biick-shaped areas separated by mortar joint areas, or they may be given any desired color,- shape or pattern and made in indlvidfualbr strip form.

In the modification shown in Figs. 12 and 13,

2. A, covering composed of shingles laid in ,par-

the block portion la of the shingle B is disposed flush with the upper edge of the narrow central portion of thevtlexible outer covering 2a and its lower edge terminates short of the lower edge of said covering. As shown in Fig. 13, these shingles are assembled by seating the lower edge of the block of one shingle on the upper edge of the block of the shingle located therebelow and with the outer coverings overlapping the joints between said blocks, but without the tongue-andgroove connections scribed. u

In the modification of the drawings shown in Figs. 14 to 18, inclusive, the shingle B" is a onepiece shingle made from clay oriterra-cotta and has a main body portion lb, which corresponds to the block portion l of shingle B, and is rabbeted for its full width on both upper and lower edges, but on opposite sides, so as to form an outwardlyand upwardly opening reces l8 along its upper edge and an inwardly and downwardly opening recess IS on its lower edge. The block lb is provided with a raised outer portion, providing 'a wide wing forming portion3b and an upright central rib'20 extending to the bottom of the recess l8 in the upper edge ofsaid block and forming recesses 2| on opposite sides of said. are assembled in the manner 5 and 6 hereinbefore dehereinbeforedescribed with the tongue formed by the recessed upper edge of the lower shingle fitting within the recess in the lower edge of the shingle located thereab 'i 'e and with the win portions 3a. of one shing z, seated in the recesses 2| of thetwo adjacent shingles in the; course located therebelow. As iwn inFig. 18, the starting shingle-C is also ni'ide in one piece and has a block portion 9a with a recess |8a at its upper edge and an upright central rib 20a on its-front face.

Figs. 19 to 22, inclusive. illustrate one-piece shingles similar to the shingles shownin Figs. 14

to 20. Thus, the main shingle B likethemain shingle B, has a block portion lc, wings 30, an upstanding tongue 50 and a groove 60; the shingle B' is also provided with a central rib 20b and recesses 2m similar to the rib 20 and recess 2| of the one-piece shingle B. The starting shingle C' comprises a block 9b with a tongue Na. and a central rib 20. The shingles B"' and C" are assembled in the same manner as the 14 tol8, with the wings shingles shown in Figs. 5

in the recesses 2hr. of ad- 30 ofone shingle seated jacent shingles.

Obviously,- the hereinbefore described shingle covering admits f of considerable modification without departing from the invention:; Therefor'e,I do not wish to be limited to the precise arrangement shown and described. v

WhatI claim is:" a a l. A covering composed of shingles laid inparallel courses, "each of said shingles comprising a bodywith wingsof less length and height than said body "projecting from opposite sides of'the lowerportion thereof substantially flush withthe bottom edge thereof, the shingles of each course having their bodies spaced apart and-extending into the spaces between the bodies of the shingles in the next adjacent courses, the wings of the shingles" of each course covering the joints between the spaced bodies thereof and the bodies of. the -"s'hingles" extending lower marginal portions ofcourse overlapping the the shingles of each course coveringthe joints therebetween and the.

upper margins of the Wingsv of adjacent shingles in thejcourse theretween the bodies of the shingles in the next adjacent courses, the wings of the shingles of each course being disposed in endwise abutting relaof the lower portion thereof having their bodies spaced apart and extending into the spaces be:

tion and covering the joints between the spaced bodies thereof and the bodies of the shingles extending therebetween and the .lower marginal portions of the shingles of each course overlapping the upper margins of the wings of adjacent shingles in the coursetherebelow.

3. A covering composed of shingles laid in parallel courses, each of said shingles comprising a relatively thick and rigid body anda covering of prepared roofing material with wings of less length and height than said body projecting from opposite sides of the lower portion thereof sub- ,stantially flush with the bottom edge thereof, the

shingles of each course having their bodies spaced apart and extending into the spaces between the bodies of the shingles in the next adjacent courses, the wings of the shingles of each course covering the joints between the spaced bodies thereof and the bodies of the shingles extending therebetween,v and the lower marginal portion of each shingle between the wings thereof covering the upper margins of the wings of adjacent shingles in thecourse therebelow. I

4. A covering composed f shingles laid in par-- allel courses, each of said shingles comprising a body with wings-of less length and height than said body projecting lower portion thereof substantiallyfiush with the bottom edge'thereof, the shingles of each course having their bodies spaced apart and extending into the spaces between the bodies of the shingles in the next adjacent courses, the wings of the shingles of each course covering the joints between thespaced bodiesthereof and the bodies of the shingles extending therebetween, each of said shingles having 3 a downwardly opening groove along the bottomedge of its body 'andan upstanding tongue along the upper edge of'its body adapted to extend into the groove of a shingle located thereabove.

from opposite sides of the .5, .A coveringcomposed of shingles laid in parstantially flush with the bottom edge thereof, the shingles of each course having their. bodies spacedapart and extending into the spaces bethe shingles in the next adtweenthe-bodies of jacenta-courses, the wings of the shingles of each between the sp aced bodies thereof andthe bodies of the shingles extending therebetween, each of said shingles having. its bodyrabbeted along covering extended beyond the upper edge of its body to forma tongue-adapted to extend into therabbet in thebody of the shingle thereabove' the upper edge of the body of each shingle being disposed in edgewise abutting relation to the bottom ofthe body, of the shingle in the course therebelow. p L

V -6.; Acoveringcomposedof shingles laid parallel courses, each of said shingles comprising a its lower edge and its x substantially husband with their wide ends close together, and with their tongue extensions beyondthe oblonglayers extending into the rabbet in the adjacent shingle in the next course and with the wide end of the covering layer of each shingle lapping the adjacent portions of the covering layers of two shingles in the course next adjacent thereto. 1

14. A covering composed of shingles, each shingle having an oblong body layer of heat insulating material and a T-shaped covering layer of prepared roofing material whose wide end is substantially flush with one end of the oblong layer and whose other end portion is of substantially even width with the oblong layer and extends beyond the end thereof to form a tongue, the oblong layer having a rabbet in its end adjacent to the wide end of the covering layer, the covering layers of all the shingles in a course being substantially flush and with their wide ends close together, and with their extensions beyond the main blocks extending into the rabbet in the adjacent shingle in the next course and with the wide end of the covering layer of each shingle lapping the adjacent portions of the covering layers of two shingles in-the course next adjacent thereto.

15. A siding composed of main shingles, each shingle having an oblong body layer of heat insulating material and a T-shaped covering layer of prepared roofing material whose wide end is substantially flush with one end of the oblong layer and whose other end portion is of substantially even width with the oblong layer and extends beyond the end thereof to form a tongue, the oblong layer having a rabbet in its end adjacent to the wide end of the covering layer, the covering layers of all the shingles in a come being substantially flush and with their wide ends close together, and with their extensions beyond the main blocks extending into the rabbet'in the adjacent shingle in the next course and with the wide end of the covering layer of each shingle lapping the adjacent portions of the covering I layers of two shingles in the course next adof a main shingle and a body layer that extends from the corner of said shingle' and terminates midway of the ends of the short side thereof.

16. A covering composed of shingles, each shingle having a relatively thick body layer and a relatively thin covering layer having portions extending beyond said body layer, said shingles being laid in courses with their body layers substantially flush and with their edges close together, and with the covering layers of the shingles of one course lapping the covering layers of the shingles in the next adjacent course and i covering the joints between the body layers of the shingles in said courses, the lower margins of the covering layer of the shingles of each course overlapping the upper margins of the extensions of the covering layers of adjacent shingles in the course therebelow.

17. A shingle comprising a body with wings of less length and height and thickness than said body portion projecting from opposite sides of the lower portion thereof flush with a lower edge at the outer face thereof a distance corresponding substantially to one-half the width of said body, the height of said wings being greater than the distance between the upper edges thereof and the upper edge'of said body.

18. A shingle comprising a body with wings of less length and height and thickness than said body portion projecting from opposite sides of the lower portion thereof at the outer face thereof a distance corresponding substantially to onehalf the width of said body, said body having a tongue along the upper edge thereof and a recess beyond the end thereof to form a tongue. the

heightof said wings being greater than the distance between the upper edges thereof and the upper edge of said body, the oblong layer of said shingle having a rabbet in its end adjacent to the wide end of the covering layer adapted to receive the tongue of a similar shingle.

20. A shingle having an oblong body layer of rigid heat insulating material and a T-shaped covering layer of flexible roofing material whose wide end is substantially flush with one end of the oblong layer and whose other end portion is of substantially even width with the oblong layer and projects beyond the end thereof to form a tongue, the height of said wings being greater than the distance between the upper edges thereof and the upper edge of said body, the oblong layer having a rabbet in its end adjacent to the wide end of the covering layer adapted to receive the tongue and upper portions of the wide ends of similar shingles.

' ROBERT PATTERSON. 

